Cardiovascular surgeon, Tatvan State Hospital, Bitlis, Turkey.
Vascular disease develops on a background of metabolic and vascular inflammation, shaped jointly by genetic predisposition and lifestyle. Two patients with the same diagnosis can therefore follow very different courses, and each patient has to be assessed individually. Recognising metabolic inflammation early and catching disease before it progresses is the most decisive step in treatment.
Not every patient needs an operation. In the early stages, lifestyle adjustment and medical therapy are usually enough. When intervention is required, I believe the result should be achieved with the least invasive approach that works.
Retrospective cohort studies in cardiac and vascular surgery, preoperative risk stratification with routine blood markers, and methodological appraisal of published work through letters to the editor.
Tatvan State Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tatvan, Bitlis, Turkey. Academic correspondence: [email protected]. Patient appointments are described on the Turkish contact page.